![]() ![]() The Norton Anthology of Children's Literature: The Traditions in English. Zipes, Jack Paul, Lissa Vallone, Lynne Hunt, Peter Avery, Gillian, eds.Semiotics and Linguistics in Alice's World. Gurney Benham (1959), Playing Cards: History of the Pack and Explanations of its Many Secrets School of Communication, Information and Library Studies, Rutgers University. Opie, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), pp.427 See The European Magazine, and London Review, vol. But Reichertz got the issue number wrong. In the 1972 film Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, this nursery rhyme is sung by Michael Crawford. The poem became more popular after its inclusion in Carroll's work. "The Queen of Hearts" is quoted in and forms the basis for the plot of Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Chapter XI: "Who Stole the Tarts?", a chapter that lampoons the British legal system through means of the trial of the Knave of Hearts, where the rhyme is presented as evidence. In 1844 Halliwell included the poem in the 3rd Edition of his The Nursery Rhymes of England (though he dropped it from later editions) and Caldecott made it the subject of one of his 1881 "Picture Books", a series of illustrated nursery rhymes which he normally issued in pairs before Christmas from 1878 until his death in 1886. The poem's story is retold in a much expanded form in an 1805 poem known as King and Queen of Hearts: with the Rogueries of the Knave who stole the Queen's Pies by Charles Lamb, which gives each line of the original, followed by a poem commenting on the line. However, according to Benham, a scholar who researched the history of playing cards: "The old nursery rhyme about the Knave of Hearts who stole the tarts and was beaten for so doing by the King, seems to be founded on nothing more than the fact that 'hearts' rhymes with 'tarts'." Adaptations ![]() Gurney Benham, in his book Playing Cards: History of the Pack and Explanations of its Many Secrets, notes that French playing cards from the mid-17th century have Judith from the Hebrew Bible as the Queen of Hearts. ![]() In The Real Personage of Mother Goose, Katherine Elwes Thomas claims the King and Queen of Hearts are based on Elizabeth of Bohemia and the events that resulted in the outbreak of the Thirty Years War. There has been speculation about a model for the Queen of Hearts. Similarly, in Hearts, the queen of spades is to be avoided, and is called a variety of unsavoury names.The King of Hearts. In several card games, including the middle eastern Trex and French Barbu, the queen is a major card to avoid taking, with each queen taken inflicting a penalty on the player. In the Spanish deck and some Italian decks, the Queen does not exist and the Knight appears in them instead, with the same role and value. Typically you want to pass your three worst cards to get rid of them. When the game starts you select 3 cards to pass to one of your opponents. There is also one special card, the Queen of spades, which gives 13 penalty points. In tarot decks, it outranks the knight which in turn outranks the jack. The objective of Hearts is to get as few points as possible. In French playing cards, the usual rank of a queen is between the king and the jack. In many European languages, the king and queen begin with the same letter so the latter is often called dame (lady) or variations thereof. The queen is a playing card with a picture of a queen on it. Queen cards of all four suits in the English pattern ![]()
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